Offshore Wind Integration: Technologies, Challenges and Utility Best Practices

September 2023

The offshore wind sector is growing at a rapid pace not only in US but around the world. In 2021, Biden administration announced a target of 30GW of offshore wind capacity by 2030. Several offshore wind projects are already in operation on the East coast of US and many more are in the planning and design stages. New technologies in offshore wind generation area are being developed and deployed and the challenges of integrating offshore wind into the electric utility system are being addresses across utilities in US and worldwide. It is important to share the best practices and policies adopted by utilities around the world for successful offshore wind integration.

Active Committees/Task Forces of Interest
Technical Reports & Applicable Papers or Presentations
  • Jun Jia; Cheng Yang; Haoyang Cui; Ming Wu; Jie Shao; Bochao Zhao; Ke He, “Systems and Challenges in Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Wind Power: A Review”,  2023 8th Asia Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering (ACPEE), DOI: 10.1109/ACPEE56931.2023.10135790. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10135790
  • Kaleem Khodabux; Bhamini S. Bhujun; Piyush Dhawankar; Krishna Busawon, “A review of offshore wind turbines and their various classifications”, 2022 7th International Conference on Environment Friendly Energies and Applications (EFEA), 10.1109/EFEA56675.2022.10063842. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10063842
  • XiaoHui Wang; RuanMing Huang; JunYu Zhao; Fei Fei; HaoEn Li; EnQi Wu; Xin Zhao; Shan Gao, “Research on Evaluation Index System for Reliability of Power System including Offshore Wind Farm”, 2022 4th International Conference on Power and Energy Technology (ICPET), 10.1109/ICPET55165.2022.9918467. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9918467
  • “A. Orths, “Offshore network development plans for Europe – joint efforts,” 21st Wind & Solar Integration Workshop (WIW 2022), Hybrid Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 2022, pp. 21-23, doi: 10.1049/icp.2022.2731. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10117509
  • Nazir, J. H. Enslin, E. Hines, J. D. McCalley, P. -A. Lof and B. K. Garnick, “Multi-terminal HVDC Grid Topology for large Scale Integration of Offshore Wind on the U.S Atlantic Coast,” 2022 7th IEEE Workshop on the Electronic Grid (eGRID), Auckland, New Zealand, 2022, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/eGRID57376.2022.9990011. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9990011
  • Wang, Z. Cao, B. Liu, J. Li, T. Fernando and X. Liu, “Impedance Modeling and Stability Analysis of All-DC Delivered Offshore Wind Farm,” in IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 20-28, March 2022, doi: 10.1109/JETCAS.2022.3150174. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9707785
Publications
Transactions
  • Lin, Z. Bie and C. Chen, “Operational Probabilistic Power Flow Analysis for Hybrid AC-DC Interconnected Power Systems With High Penetration of Offshore Wind Energy,” in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 3016-3028, July 2023, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2022.3204707. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9878240
  • Zhang, W. Xiang and J. Wen, “Dual Grid-Forming Control with Energy Regulation Capability of MMC-HVDC System Integrating Offshore Wind Farms and Weak Grids,” in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2023.3244807. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10044241
  • Zhang and X. Zhao, “Coordinated Power Oscillation Damping From a VSC-HVDC Grid Integrated With Offshore Wind Farms: Using Capacitors Energy,” in IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 751-762, April 2023, doi: 10.1109/TSTE.2022.3224360. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9961920
Open Access
  • Apostolaki-Iosifidou, R. Mccormack, W. Kempton, P. Mccoy and D. Ozkan, “Transmission Design and Analysis for Large-Scale Offshore Wind Energy Development,” in IEEE Power and Energy Technology Systems Journal, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 22-31, March 2019, doi: 10.1109/JPETS.2019.2898688. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8640018
Other Available Material

IEEE PES Resource Center