Inverter Based Resource (IBR) Modeling

• IEEE Standards Working Group P2800.2 on Recommended Practice for Test and Verification Procedures for Inverter-based Resources Interconnecting with Bulk Power Systems.
  • This working group is under the  Energy Development and Power Generation Committee and jointly sponsored by the Electric Machinery Committee (EMC), Transmission and Distribution Committee,  Analytic Methods for Power Systems (AMPS) committee and Power System Relaying and Control Committee.
  • Contact: Manish Patel, Secretary,
• IEEE Standards Working Group P2882 on Guide for Validation of Software Models of Generators for Power System Studies
  • This working group is under the Analytic Methods for Power Systems (AMPS) committee
  • Contact: Ramesh Naidu, Secretary,
• IEEE Standards Working Group P762 on Standard Definitions for Use in Reporting Electric Generating and Storage Unit Reliability, Availability, and Productivity
  • This working group is under the Analytic Methods for Power Systems (AMPS) committee
  • Contact: Kai Jiang, Secretary,
• IEEE PES Task Force on Inverter Based Resource (IBR) Subsynchronous Oscillations
  • This Task Force is under the under Modeling and Analysis of System Transients using Digital Programs Working Group of Transient Analysis and Simulations Subcommittee (TASS) and Analytic Methods for Power Systems (AMPS) committee
  • Contact: Lingling Fan, Chair, 

IEEE PES Resource Center:

• Design IBR Models for Fast Simulation and Stability Analysis
• Accurate Electromagnetic Transient Type Modelling of Inverter Based Resources
• Harmonics Modelling and Simulation of Large Wind and Solar Power Plants
• Integration of Inverter-Based Resources into the Bulk Power System
• Machine Learning for Power System Modelling and Control

IEEE Xplore:

• 2/D3.2 May 2025 – IEEE Draft Recommended Practice for Test and Verification Procedures for Inverter-based Resources Interconnecting with Bulk Power Systems
• Phasor Modeling Approaches and Simulation Guidelines of Voltage-Source Converters in Grid-Integration Studies
• 2022 – IEEE Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) Interconnecting with Associated Transmission Electric Power Systems
• Impact of IBR Location and Parameters on Inter-Area Oscillation Modes in Bulk Power Grids
• Dynamic Performance Modeling and Analysis of Power Grids With High Levels of Stochastic and Power Electronic Interfaced Resources
• Comprehensive Design, Modeling and Analysis of Grid-Forming Type IV Wind Turbine Generators Using State-Space Methods
• Inverter Model Validation and Calibration Using Phasor Measurement Unit Data
• Experimentation in Exploring Photovoltaic Inverter Dynamics Under Different Irradiance Levels Through a Data-Driven Approach
• Large-Signal Stability Analysis of Inverter-Based AC Microgrids: A Critical and Analytical Review
• Modularized Small-Signal Modeling of Grid-Forming Inverters
• Power System Stability With a High Penetration of Inverter-Based Resources
• System Strength Beyond Fault Level
• Dynamic Interactions Between Inverter-Based Resources and Synchronous Generators: A Comparative Study for Cascading Failure Risk
• Grid Forming Inverter Modeling, Control, and Applications
• Exploring the Dynamic Voltage Signature of Renewable Rich Weak Power System
• Advancing Grid-Forming Inverter Technology: Comprehensive PQ Capability and Performance Analysis
• Modeling and Control of AC Microgrids Under Unbalanced Utility Grid Voltage Using the Invariant-Ellipsoid Method
• Resolving Sub-Cycle Overvoltage Issue in Solar and Type-4 Wind Farms Employing Low Voltage Ride Through
• Distributed Model Predictive Frequency Control of Inverter-Based Power Systems

Short Circuit Analysis and Protection:

• Modeling Fault Recovery and Transient Stability of Grid-Forming Converters Equipped With Current Reference Limitation– IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 1140-1152, June 2025
• Dynamic Security Optimization for N-1 Secure Operation of Hawai‘i Island System With 100% Inverter-Based Resources – IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 4009-4021, Sept. 2022
• Operational Challenges of Solar PV Plus Storage Power Plants and Modeling Recommendations – IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy, vol. 10, pp. 477-489, 2023
• A New Paradigm in IBR Modeling for Power Flow and Short Circuit Analysis – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Early Access
• Need for Load Modeling in Short Circuit Analysis of an Inverter-Based Resource-Dominated Power System – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 1882-1890, June 2023
• Comparative Analysis of Negative Sequence Behavior in Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Inverters: Modeling, Control, and Protection – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 1730-1742, June 2025
• Transmission Line Protection for Systems With Inverter-Based Resources – Part I: Problems – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 2416-2425, Aug. 2021
• Controlling Grid-Forming Inverters to Meet the Negative-Sequence Current Requirements of the IEEE Standard 2800-2022 – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 2541-2555, Aug. 2023
• Review of SIR Calculations for Distance Protection and Considerations for Inverter-Based Resources – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 1420-1427, June 2024

Harmonic Assessment:

• A Novel Approach for Harmonic Assessment of Power Systems With Large Penetration of IBRs – A U.K. Case Study-IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 455-466, Feb. 2024
• Review of Experimental Methods for Determining Harmonic Model Parameters of IBR Units – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Early Access
• Virtual Dynamic Grid Impedance and Its Impacts on Harmonics and Stability of Inverter Based Resources Plant – IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 15469-15481, Dec. 2022 

Small Signal Stability:

• Dynamically Aggregated Small-Signal Impedance Model of Inverter-Based Resources – IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 360-370, March 2025
• Impedance-Based Root-Cause Analysis: Comparative Study of Impedance Models and Calculation of Eigenvalue Sensitivity – IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 1642-1654, March 2023
• Revisiting Small-Signal Modeling for Analyzing Fast Dynamic Interactions in Converter-Dominated Power Systems – IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Early Access
• Modeling, Analysis, and Design for Small-Signal Stability in Sequence-Decomposed Grid-Forming Control– IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 865-875, Jan.-Feb. 2024
• Examination of EMT-Type Impedance Scanning Techniques for Small Signal Stability Assessment of Inverter Based Resources – IEEE Electrification Magazine, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 6-7, Dec. 2023

Dynamic Analysis and EMT:

• Interaction Modeling and Stability Analysis of Grid-Forming Energy Storage System Based on SISO Transfer Functions – IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 573-587, Jan. 2025
• Coordinated Planning for Stability Enhancement in High IBR-Penetrated Systems– IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 700-715, Jan. 2025
• DQ Admittance Model Extraction for IBRs via Gaussian Pulse Excitation – IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 2966-2969, May 2023
• Techniques and Methods for Validation of Inverter-Based Resource Unit and Plant Simulation Models Across Multiple Simulation Domains: An Engineering Judgment-Based Approach – IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 55-65, March-April 2024
• Revisiting Power Systems Time-Domain Simulation Methods and Models– IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 2421-2437, March 2024
• Power Swing in Systems With Inverter-Based Resources—Part I: Dynamic Model Development – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 1889-1902, June 2024
• Sensitivity Analysis Based Identification of Key Parameters in the Dynamic Model of a Utility-Scale Solar PV Plant– IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 1340-1350, March 2022
• A Stability Analysis Tool for Bulk Power Systems Using Black-Box Models of Inverter-Based Resources – IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 7318-7327, Nov.-Dec. 2023
• ParaEMT: An Open Source, Parallelizable, and HPC-Compatible EMT Simulator for Large-Scale IBR-Rich Power Grids – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 911-921, April 2024
• Synchronous Compensators Considering Reactive Power for PLL Stability Improvement and Short-Circuit Ratio Evaluation – IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, doi: 10.1109/TEC.2025.3578132
• Analysis of a Disturbance Event with Inverter-Based Resources Using EMT Simulations – IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, doi: 10.1109/TSTE.2025.3560218
• Large Angle Deviation in Grid-Following IBRs Upon Grid Voltage Dip – IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 368-378, March 2024
• Power Swing in Systems With Inverter-Based Resources—Part II: Impact on Protection Systems – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 1903-1917, June 2024
• Simulation of 100% Inverter-Based Resource Grids With Positive Sequence Modeling – IEEE Electrification Magazine, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 62-71, June 2021

Webinars:

• Advances to Grid-Forming Technology for Blackstart, Restoration, and Fault Ride-Through Capability of IBR
• LVRT Current Requirements of Grid Codes for IBRs: Blind Spots and Solutions
• Inverter-based Resources Subsynchronous Oscillations: Events and Mechanism Analysis
• Simulation of 100% Inverter-Based Resource Grids with Positive Sequence Modeling
• Impact of Inverter Based Generation on Bulk Power System Dynamics and Short-Circuit Performance

Upcoming Events of Interest:

• IEEE PES Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC)
• 2025 IEEE PES ISGT Latin America
• 2025 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Europe (ISGT Europe)