Hydrogen-Powered Aircraft: Hydrogen-Electric Hybrid Propulsion for Aviation

The ever-increasing demand for passenger air travel means unprecedented aircraft market growth in the coming decades. However, large airline fleets lead to serious environmental concerns. A clear goal was set during the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26): securing global net-zero emissions by midcentury while keeping 1.5 °C of temperature rise within reach. Hydrogen (H 2 ) propulsion technology provides one of the most promising opportunities to meet this target and decarbonize global aviation. Thus, this article reviews and collates state-of-the-art research related to H 2 –electric hybrid aircraft. After introducing the potential benefits of H 2 propulsion, fuel cell (FC) auxiliary power in airplanes and H 2 FC-powered aircraft are discussed.
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Hydrogen-Electric Aircraft Technologies and Integration: Enabling an Environmentally Sustainable Aviation Future

As the global community grapples with growing concerns of a changing climate, many eyes have turned to the sustainability of the transportation sector. In the United States, transportation is currently the leading category contributing to all greenhouse gas emissions, producing more emissions per year than the electricity generation, industry, commercial and residential, and agricultural sectors individually. As various transportation modes transition to more sustainable models, such as with the use of battery-electric vehicles, the aviation sector has struggled to identify effective solutions for future sustainability goals, largely due to the difference in power and energy requirements of aircraft, as compared to other vehicles.
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Enabling Cryogenic Hydrogen-Based CO2-Free Air Transport: Meeting the Demands of Zero Carbon Aviation

Flightpath 2050 from the European Union (EU) sets ambitious targets for reducing the emissions from civil aviation that contribute to climate change. Relative to aircraft in service in year 2000, new aircraft in 2050 are to reduce CO 2 emissions by 75% and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions by 90% per passenger kilometer flown. While significant improvements in asset management and aircraft and propulsion-system efficiency and are foreseen, it is recognized that the Flightpath 2050 targets will not be met with conventional jet fuel.

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CHEETA: An All-Electric Aircraft Takes Cryogenics and Superconductivity on Board: Combatting climate change

At the recent 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference last year, more than 140 countries pledged to achieve net-zero emissions to combat climate change. And in a dramatic appeal to attain sustainability in the skies, Europe’s Flightpath 2050 initiated a bold effort to reduce CO2 emissions worldwide by 75%, NOx emissions by 90%, and the noise footprint by 60% by the midcentury mark.
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